A mobile substation is a substation on wheels, containing a transformer, breakers and buswork mounted on a selfcontained semitrailer, meant to be pulled by a truck. Electrical substation components list diagram, working. Three phase padmounted and unit substation transformers 45. The work practices show how to install and test circui. By definition, isolation is the process of complete separation of various parts of an apparatus and this separation can either be physical or electrical or both. However, in the present scenario competitive market utilities are under. Abbs proven design offers excellent mechanical strength that has been proven through years of service and special testing. Substation ac power purification and isolation the rgpc substation utilizes av grade transformer design and galvanic derived grounding, to eliminate ground loops and isolate ac interference electrical pollution from other equipment in the ac power system. The two primary distribution feeders of the substation illustrated in figure 1 are protected by either power circuit breakers or automatic circuit reclosers. This equipment is a compact multicomponent assembly, enclosed in a ground metallic housing, which the primary insulation medium is a compressed gas. Substation construction guidelines describes all the steps in building new substations, or expanding existing substations. Electrical substation engineering aspects course no. A space as described in iec 62271203, which is a backing isolator of gas isolated metal enclosed switchgear distinguishing one space from other spaces. Medium voltage products technical guide the mvlv transformer.
Step up substation associated with generating station as the generating voltage is low. Isolators are used to open a circuit under no load. Electrical substation equipment for transferring of electrical power from generating unit to distributing units various types of electrical equipment are required. Thus, this is all about an overview of the electrical isolator. Where isolators are connected in staggered formation, provision of motor shall be at each pole. Classic types an electrical transformer substation consists of a whole set of devices conductors, measuring and control ap. Substation construction manual page 2 of 57 reference ni000401r122 ver 3 ergon energy corporation limited abn 50 087 646 062 ergon energy queensland pty ltd abn 11 121 177 802 4. Substation, switchgear and equipment maintenance and testing. The power transformer, circuit breaker, busbar, insulator, lightning arrester are the main components of an electrical substation. All rus borrowers rus electric staff effective date. Compliance with all technical requirements all energize elements comply with the required clearances clearances verify compliance with the last requirements of the national electrical safety code or prepa diseno subw\copy of svc subst profile 2. Work in substations general this instruction assembles knowledge required for personnel to be authorised category 3 under the rules. What type of isolators are used in electrical substations.
Gas insulated switchgear is used in industrial areas to fulfil highenergy demands by space saving design with a. Abb substation automation solution brunei 24 mar 2010. Gis substation design and execution hv and ehv gis. The battery charging equipments comprises of a float charger and a boost charger. Substations equipment maintenance electric power systems. Transmission, sub transmission and distribution substation 4.
The contacts of the auxiliary switches shall be used for remote indication. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning. Even when the isolator opens on offload, still there is some accumulated static charge present in lines and due to which small flashover occurs while opening the isolator. The equipment like bus bars, isolator, power transformer etc.
Technical specification construction of 3311 kv primary sub. A primary unit substation is defined in the following standard. Major components you can spot while looking at hvehv gis. Isbn 9780738155296 stdpd95629 no part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic. However, due to lightning or any other impulses generated in power. Best practices for protection and control applications for. Gas insulated substations gis is a compact,multicomponent assembly enclosed in a ground metallic housing in which the primary insulating medium is compressed sulphur hexafluoride sf6 gas. Upon entering an attended substation, each employee, other than employees regularly working in the station, shall report his or her presence to the employee in charge of substation activities to receive information on special system conditions affecting employee safety. Work in substations general procedures work instructions mobile plant in the vicinity of high voltage conductors 2.
Electrical isolator or electrical isolation switch. A ground fault relay in conjunction with the ngr provides ground fault and resistor open circuit protection by tripping the shunt trip coil of the primary load break switch. Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. Unit substation transformers are generally close coupled to switchgear, motor control, bus duct, or another type of incoming and outgoing equipment. The input for a distribution substation is typically at least two transmission or subtransmission lines. Introduction the primary purpose of an electricity distribution system is to meet the customers demands for energy after receiving the bulk electrical energy from transmission or subtransmission substation. Added a requirement to apply appropriate atmospheric correction factors to the clearance. Maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of. The design is then submitted to our mentor for verification keywords. Pdf safety in ac substation grounding systems under. Open bus bar substations equipment used to designate a safe work area and access route within a substation. Category 1 no outage necessary within the substation for either maintenance or fault.
Substation ground fault currents are limited by a continuouslyrated neutral ground resistor ngr connected to the transformer secondary star point. Components and substations for electrical transmission and. In the fault situations the electric apparatus and systems become dangerous to humans. Medium voltage products technical guide the mvlv transformer substations passive users 1 2 1. Isolator west bengal state electricity transmission company.
Consider also that systems from separate vendors often are used. Major changes in the 2017 national electrical safety code. The isolator shall be motor operated, having individual motor for each pole. Station controller, the top level controller in a substation bay controller, the unit controlling a bay in a substation relay, at the lowest level controlling a single object. In a power substation, it is always desired to disconnect a part of the system for general maintenance and some repairs. Applications and considerations ieee ced houston chapter 201220 1 tap substation ground protection 51 n 87 g 51 nt 51 n 51 n 51 n 51 n 51g 50g 51g 50g 87 bh 87 bl ground coordination on each side of the transformer are performed independently relays measure phase quantities, but are often set to operate for. Isolator west bengal state electricity transmission. This is accomplished by an isolating switch or isolator. Cost of a sas is not driven by hardware but rather by. It is dungarees to operate isolators in full load conditions. Design pressure of cases relative pressure utilized to find out the design of the case. A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 2202kv substation submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering submitted by v. An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using transformers. Disconnect switches on both the source and load sides permit isolation during maintenance or other periods when complete deenergization is required.
Its main purpose is to isolate one portion of the circuit from the other and is not intended to b. When a fault occurs in a substation, then isolator cuts out a portion of a substation. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 3. Because in electrical substation isolator is used to disconnect a power transformer when it is in noload condition or a small amount of load is present. The thermal currentcarrying capacities and the faultwithstanding capabilities are tailored to meet all the substation requirements. Digital substations enabling a stronger, smarter and greener grid. Goose generic object oriented substation event generic any data object oriented data from ied 61850 data model substation whole substation event event based sending goose is used for transmit data to peer devices in substation ethernet technology. This manual shows you how to configure tibco substation es. Owners supply materials osm 3311 kv power transformers, station 330. Surge arrestors and isolators this section briefly covers the maintenance practices techniques being adopted by the power utilities for switch gear equipments installed in ehvhv stations. Substation design volume ii physical layout instructor. The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment, selection of components as well as ordering, support of engineers, structural design, the design of electrical layout, protection of relay, and major apparatus ratings. Tibco substation es subscribes to and publishes data to tibco applications and transaction processing systems, such as customer information control system cics and information manageme nt system ims, which run in the zos operatingsystem environment.
Substation construction guidelines alexander publications. By definition, isolation is the process of complete separation of various parts of an apparatus and this separation can either be physical or electrical or. Vidyutbhawan, block dj, sectorii, bidhannagar, kolkata 700091. Digital substation and iec61850 tomorrow iec 6185081 670 series reb500 650 series sam600 ncit ncit sam600 iec 6185081 iec 6185092 digital substation 1 all signals digital, station and process 2 analog, status and commands 3 acquire once, distribute on a bus ncit nonconventional instrument transformers. Electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. Substation automation configuration substation automation systems can have several 10s to 100 different programmable devices. A substation that has a stepup transformer increases the. An isolator is originally a knife switch and is design to often open a circuit under no load. Isolator is a manually operated mechanical switch which separates a part of the electrical power. When the space available for the installation of the substation is short or when the environmental conditions are extremely severe the usual solution is to install a gis gas insulated substation, which schematic diagram is shown in figure 3. Safe working area red cones up to 7m apart, two orange ropes 10mm used on each side of the yellow angled cross arm and green cones up to 6m apart, define the safe working area within the roped perimeter. Switching schemes will be categorized in accordance with this categorization. Prepared by the subcommittee on the design of substation structures of the.
Safety requirements for work on or adjacent to the. Reliability of substation configurations daniel nack, iowa state university, 2005. The generation, transmission and distribution are the main work of the substation. This bulletin is an update and revision of previous rea bulletin 651, design guide for rural substations revised june 1978. Electrical isolator which is commonly known as isolator or disconnector is a piece of equipment that is used in electric devices and power systems with the main function of effectively isolating two different parts of an instrument. The electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers. The 240v120v design allows for efficient, balanced and coordinated. Substation configuration substation configuration can greatly affect protection choices substation physical design engineers must be in full agreement with protection and control engineers, even for temporary substation configurations. The ergon energy design philosophy is to provide substations. Oct 22, 2016 indoor substation is inside a building. The electrical substation is the part of a power system in which the voltage is transformed from high to low or low to high for transmission, distribution, transformation and switching. They are designed to be compact for travel on public roads, and are used for temporary backup in times of natural disaster or war.
Design and construction specifications of the substation. This includes operations like opening and closing of the circuit breakers and isolators,tap changing of transformers,etc. Our engineers have completed substation testing and maintenance including power transformers, switchgear from 600 v to 35 kv, overhead and industrial switches, reclosers, relays, breakers and regulators for over 20 different utilities and industrial customers. Major components you can spot while looking at mvhv gis gas insulated switchgear gis are available internationally, covering the complete voltage range from 11 kv to 800 kv. Chapter 1 substation free download as powerpoint presentation. Classification of substations the substation is the medium of transferring the power from generating unit to the consumer end. It consists different types of equipment like transformer, generator, power cable which helps in the power transmission. Primary unit substation transformers are designed, manufactured and tested in accordance with applicable ieee standards. Stabilization output voltage is provided in the float charger to float the battery at the correct level. Distribution voltages are typically medium voltage, between 2. The characteristics of this isolator include it is an offload device, operated manually, deenergize the circuit, entire isolation for secure maintenance, includes a. Supply in the package materials have been classified as under i. Ieee guide for the design and installation of cable.
There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the system. Vuspec page 3 ieee 12402000 r2012, ieee guide for the evaluation of the reliability of hvdc converter stations ieee 12462011, ieee guide for temporary protective grounding systems used in substations. Circuit breaker always trip the circuit but open contacts of breaker cannot be visible physically from outside of the breaker, and that is why it is recommended not to touch any electrical circuit just by switching off the. Other requirements of the substation electrical system 56 10. Tikhodeev encyclopedia of life support systems eolss into substation equipment systems. High voltage safety operating procedures for engineers and. Isolator does not have any system to avoided arching during disconnection. Since implementing the worlds very first iec 61850 multivendor substation automation system in 2004, abb has supplied hundreds of systems and thousands of products for new and retrofit projects. Electric substations with equipment used to convert highvoltage, extrahighvoltage ehv, or ultrahighvoltage uhv transmission lines to the intermediate voltage subtransmission lines or to switch subtransmission circuits operating at voltages in the range of 34. Electric power may flow through several substations between generating plant and consumer, and may be changed in voltage in several steps.
The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather to act as a reference document that crossreferences existing standards and process documentation and plugs any gaps where asset management documentation does not exist. Recommended set of shortcircuit endurance csn 38 1754, csn 33 3015 rated switchingoff current i nvyp ka rms value, its heat impacts must be survived by an electrical equipment for a given time t 2 s. Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. Substation configuration reliability 1 reliability of substation configurations daniel nack, iowa state university, 2005 introduction while one of the strongest points in a power system is the electric substation, it still contains what could be described as weak points or points of failure that would lead to loss of load. Special 0 page 5 of 11 special type hcb isolator 10.